World demand for dyes and natural pigments to the touch $10.6 billion in 2008
In response to a research on dyes & natural pigments, the worldwide demand for natural colourants (dyes and natural pigments) is projected to extend at $10.6 billion in 2008 type 4.9 per cent yearly in 2003.
Usually, the dyestuff trade contains three sub-segments, specifically dyes, pigment and intermediates. The dye intermediates are petroleum downstream merchandise that are additional processed into completed dyes and pigments. These are essential sources in main industries like textiles, plastics, paints, paper and printing inks, leather-based, packaging sector and many others.
Main gamers in dyes
Textile dyes have been used for the reason that Bronze Age. In addition they represent a prototype Twenty first-century specialty chemical compounds market. Three giant producers specifically DyStar, Ciba Specialty Chemical compounds and Clariant are leaders within the dyes market. The most important, DyStar, was established in a collection of mergers of a few of Europe’s main textile dye companies within the Nineteen Nineties. Worldwide extra capability and value burden, fueled by the instant progress of Asian producers, have shifted most dyestuff chemistries into commodities. Regulatory limitations have almost stopped the progress of the opening of basically new dyestuffs. Regardless of this DyStar, Ciba Specialty Chemical compounds and Clariant have grown over the previous 10 years with progressive merchandise and new chemistry is being set to endure reactive and dispersant dyes in addition to in older dyestuffs comparable to sulfur dyes.
In 2001 the largest particular person firm market shares in colourant manufacturing have been DyStar (23%), Ciba (14%), Clariant (7%), Yorkshire Group (5%), Japanese (5%) and different conventional teams (3%)., and varied dyestuff producers comprise the biggest group at 43%.
The one solution to progress and to maintain Asian bulk dyestuff producers at bay, they are saying, comes straight out of specialty chemical compounds technique to differentiate product choices via collaborative work with clients and cost a premium value for specific merchandise that offers an ideal resolution. That is an efficient methodology, supplied that these suppliers produce in China, India, Pakistan, and Brazil in addition to within the U.S. and Europe, and that a lot of the textile producers purpose to take care of uniform high quality and product efficiency throughout worldwide.
Europe is going through the issue of overcapacity of about 30 to 40 per cent available in the market from Asia, particularly China. However, specialists imagine, Asian producers manufacture a restricted variety of low-cost, primary dyestuffs. Most of specialists of this subject imagine that progress lies in innovation and differentiation. Although, of the 180,000-ton-per-year worldwide marketplace for dispersed dyes, specialty dyes consist solely about 5,000 tons.
DyStar is a significant producer of reactive dyes, which have been developed 50 years in the past at ICI. DyStar was lately bought by Platinum Fairness, is made up of the dyes enterprise of the unique ICI, in addition to these of Bayer, BASF and Hoechst. DyStar has developed deep-shade dyes for polyesters. New chemistries are rising for controlling staining from azo and anthraquinone dyes, together with thiophene-based azo dyes. DyStar has additionally developed benzodifuranone dyes for heavy purple shades. It modified azo dyes to maintain up their efficiency when utilized with the brand new detergents. The corporate additionally arrange secrecy agreements with the main detergent producers to check new detergent chemistry and do the required dye reformulation proactively. It has added the variety of reactive teams in its fluoroaromatic Levafix CA reactive dyes. The corporate has additionally been performing on strengthening the chromophore or shade element of the dye for improved lightfastness.
Lately, DyStar has made new purple dye for cellulosic fibers, Indanthren Deep Crimson C-FR Plus, is a brand new speciality dye for medium to heavy shades of purple and Bordeaux, appropriate for the coloration of cellulosics on steady and yarn dyeing items in addition to cellulosic/polyamide blends. DyStar Textilfarben GmbH has additionally launched the traditional chilly pad batch dyeing course of (cpb). Key developments in chilly pad batch expertise have been began in 1957 and are nonetheless ongoing:
-Growth of dosing pumps (Hoechst)
– Introduction of sodium silicate as a fixing alkali (Hoechst)
– Growth of microwave and oven lab fixation methodology (Hoechst)
– Mathematical willpower of pad liquor stability underneath sensible situations (Hoechst) —
Optidye CR (DyStar)
– Growth of silicate free alkali programs (DyStar)
The dyestuffs trade of China
Within the first half of 2005, China gained a progress of 4 per cent in dyes and 11 per cent in natural pigment output. A report said that China’s demand for dyes and pigments is anticipated to extend at 12 per cent yearly by 2008 and output of dyes and pigments will rise by 13 per cent yearly by 2008.
In response to statistics, in 2004, the manufacturing quantity of dyeing stuffs and pigments in China reached 598,300 tons and 143,600 tons, an increment of 10.4 per cent and 13.3 per cent over that of the earlier yr. The overall imports and exports of dyeing stuffs and pigments have been projected to be 291,200 tons and 138,800 tons; a rise of 10.64 per cent and 16.15 per cent over the identical time the earlier yr. Therefore, China has developed to be a big producer, client and vendor of dyeing supplies, pigments and dyeing auxiliary.
China turns into high importer for Bangladesh
Throughout July-September 2005 Bangladesh imported dyes and chemical (mixed) value 3.73 billion taka ($57.5 million) from China towards 2.53 billion taka ($38.9 million) from India.
DyStar expands China facility
Lately DyStar has introduced to speculate round USD 55 million in a brand new textile dyes facility at Nanjing to increase its manufacturing base in China and step up its give attention to this key progress market. Located about 300 kilometres north-west of Shanghai, Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu Province, a key space for textile manufacturing. It is going to be DyStar’s third manufacturing unit in China, alongside Wuxi, the place the manufacturing capability was tripled final yr, and Qingdao. This new manufacturing website will improve their progress in China. On the identical time it can strengthen their worldwide competitiveness and increase market management. This funding is a transparent signal that DyStar is constant to put money into its core enterprise and can stay a dependable associate for the textile trade in the long run.
On the new manufacturing advanced in Nanjing, DyStar will produce dyes for cellulosic and artificial fibres. In-built flexibility will allow the manufacture of different dyes and extension of the infrastructure consistent with necessities. Which means DyStar will have the ability to reply rapidly to the rising demand in China. The inauguration of the primary plant is scheduled within the first half of 2006.
Indian dyestuff trade
In India the dyestuff trade provides its majority of the manufacturing to the textile trade. Large of quantities exports of dyes and pigments from India are additionally finished to the textile trade in Europe, South East Asia and Taiwan.
At present, the Indian dyestuff trade is totally self-dependable for producing the merchandise regionally. India presently manufactures every kind of artificial dyestuffs and intermediates and has its robust holds within the pure dyestuff market. India has come up as a worldwide provider of dyestuffs and dye intermediates, primarily for reactive, acid, vat and direct dyes. India has a share of roughly 6 per cent of the world manufacturing in dyestuff merchandise.
Construction of dyestuff trade in India
The Indian dyestuff trade has been in existence since about 40 years, although just a few MNCs established dyestuff items within the pre independence period. Like the opposite chemical trade, the dyestuff trade can be broadly scattered. The trade is functioning by the co-existence of some producers within the organised sector (round 50 items) and a lot of small producers (round 1,000 items) within the unorganised sector.
The spreading of those items is slanted in the direction of the western area (Maharashtra and Gujarat) accounting to 90 per cent. The truth is, about 80 per cent of the full capability is within the state of Gujarat, the place there are about 750 items.
There was an enormous improvement within the dyestuff trade over the last decade. This has occurred because of the Authorities’s concessions (excise and tax concessions) to small-scale items and export alternatives generated by the closure of a number of items in international locations just like the USA and Europe (because of the implementation of strict air pollution management norms). The obligation concessions supplied to small-scale producers had given within the giant ones turning into uncompetitive to some extent. Worth competitors was robust within the decrease segments of the market. Liberalisation of the economic system and large-scale discount of duties have given the decrement of margins for smaller producers. Closing of many small-scale items in Gujarat on account of environmental causes has additionally helped the organised sector gamers to develop additional.
Over 600 kinds of dyes and natural pigments at the moment are being produced in India (each by the organised and the unorganised sector). However the per-capita consumption of dyestuffs is lower than the world common. Dyes are soluble and mainly utilized textile merchandise. Pigments, alternatively, are insoluble and are most important sources of merchandise comparable to paints.
In the course of the previous few years, the dyestuff trade was overwhelmed by a collection of quick altering upshots within the worldwide platform. The biggest marketplace for dyestuffs has been the textile trade. The maintain of polyester and cotton within the world markets has positively created the demand for some sorts of dyestuffs. Moreover, the demand for polyamides, acrylics, cellulose and wool has been near stagnant. Discrepancy within the regional progress charges of textile merchandise too influences demand. The Asian area has seen the best improvement in textile manufacturing, adopted by North America, Latin America and Western Europe. This exhibits the change within the world textile trade in the direction of Asia. Subsequently, Asia affords dyestuff manufacturing each when it comes to volumes and worth, with a few 42 per cent share of the worldwide manufacturing; the US is subsequent with 24 per cent and Europe has round 22 per cent. Because of a large use of polyester and cotton-based materials, there was a change in the direction of reactive dyes, utilized in cotton-based materials, and disperses dyes utilized in polyester. These two dyes have been main in all of the three regional world market, notably Asia. Furthermore, the change in textile software sample and regional developments is the quantity of over capability within the world dyestuff trade.
Inside India, the main producers within the pigments trade are Color Chem and Sudarshan Chemical compounds whereas within the dyestuff trade the key gamers when it comes to market share are Atul, Clariant India, Dystar, Ciba Specialities and IDI. The Indian corporations collectively account for almost 6 per cent of the world manufacturing.
Virtually 80 per cent of the dyestuffs are commodities. Since not a lot expertise is used, copying of merchandise can be simple as in comparison with specialties. Although within the latest previous, there have been efforts by world producers, with some achievement, to shift to the specialty finish of the product profile. Vat dyes have all the time carried out as specialty merchandise, with expertise working as a significant perform. Now corporations are specializing in the upper finish of the reactive dyes phase. The inclination is now altering from supplying mere merchandise to color bundle options. Extra significance is given to innovation, manufacturing vary, high quality and environmental pleasant merchandise. Producers are collaborating with gear producers to supply built-in options slightly than merchandise.
Fiscal insurance policies and modification within the software sample of the worldwide dyestuff trade have revolutionized the market shares of Indian corporations. Excise concessions for the small-scale sector within the mid and the late Eighties generated many items in Maharashtra and Gujarat. At one level of time, there have been within the unorganised sector almost 1,000 items, with most of them located in Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Although, for the reason that early Nineteen Nineties, there was seen an ongoing decrement within the excise obligation charges relevant to the organised sector. From 25 per cent in 1993-94, the excise obligation charges have been decreased to twenty per cent in 1994-95, and 18 per cent in 1997-98 and additional decreased these charges to 16 per cent.
This persevering with decrement within the obligation charges smoothened the aggressive fringe of the unorganised sector. The organised sector, with excessive product vary, expertise and advertising and marketing attain was succesful to lift its market share. However extra noteworthy modifications have gained via the German ban on many dyestuffs, enforced to the native air pollution management legal guidelines. Whereas the organised sector has been succesful to regulating the manufacturing of dyes based mostly on the 20 banned amines by the German laws, many within the unorganised sector have been moved out. This was amalgam by the native air pollution legal guidelines, which want to determine the effluent remedy vegetation, and drive out corporations within the unorganised sector.
The capability and manufacturing of dyes and dye stuff was 54,000 MT and 26,000 MT respectively within the yr 2003-04. The capability and manufacturing of dyes and dye stuff was 54,000 MT and 26,000 MT correspondingly within the yr 2003-04. The small scale items provide main share in dyestuff manufacturing whereas giant items focus producing dyestuff intermediates.
Disperse and Reactive dyes symbolize the best product segments within the nation overlaying about 45 per cent of dyestuff consumption. Within the coming time, each these segments will lead the dyestuff market with disperse dyes probably to have the best contribution adopted by reactive dyes. These two segments will maintain a best share to be able to lead textile and artificial fibers in dyestuff consumption. Vat phase can be projected to show wholesome progress in future.
Exports and Import of Dyestuffs
Within the yr 2004-2005 the exports of dyestuff trade has touched 1109 million US greenback. Exports of dyestuffs within the yr 2000-01 reached to about Rs. 2365 crores and accounted to about 5 per cent of the full world commerce of dyestuffs. The principle markets for Indian dyestuffs are the European Union, U.S.A., Indonesia, Hong Kong, South Korea and Egypt. The next desk gives knowledge export and import of dyestuff throughout previous few years.
Expertise
The expertise for dyestuff manufacturing modifications largely from comparatively easy (direct azo) to stylish (disperse and vat) dyes. Even though expertise is regionally accessible, most of it’s out dated. The setback is additional compounded by the truth that the character of the method differs from batch to batch and, therefore, managing the method parameters turns into advanced.
The dyestuff trade is among the largely polluting industries and this has result in them closing down internationally or altering the items to the rising economies. Majority of the worldwide producers have shifted the expertise to creating nations like China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Taiwan and Thailand. This shift of producing capacities is as a result of the trade is meant to work as a high-cost and low return one. The batch processing additionally formulates it to a labour- intensive trade. Therefore, the competitiveness of creating economies will get a boosts.
Although, up to now decade the Indian trade has made appreciable improvement when it comes to expertise and manufacturing.
Restructuring
Restructuring of the Indian dyestuff trade which began a few years in the past remains to be in progress. The motion was initiated by the market chief Color-Chem Ltd. It has additionally come right into a toll manufacturing settlement with Dystar India Ltd. There have been different preparations, which might give enhancing capability utilisation at manufacturing services and in addition to have higher publicity of export markets.
Ciba India and IDI have signed a deal to market polyester and cellulose dyes. IDI has additionally began work with Ciba for the manufacturing and advertising and marketing of dyes and pigments. Atul merchandise has obtained the acquisition of Zeneca’s 50 per cent stake in Atic Industries Ltd and began work with BAS, Germany to market 50 per cent of its manufacturing of vat dyes.
