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SDGs: The UN’s “ sustainable development goals,” which range from combating climate change to eliminating hunger and poverty to achieving gender equality. The UN’s member countries adopted the goals in 2015 as a 15-year action plan, but the pace is seriously lagging.
SIDS: At the UN, this stands for some 39 “small island developing states.” UNGA is an important platform for them to elevate concerns such as climate change and the existential threat they face from projections of rising seas and intensifying storms, often a painfully timely subject at a meeting that falls in the thick of the Atlantic hurricane season.
BRICS: A developing-economies coalition that initially included Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. It has since added others, including Indonesia, Iran, Egypt, Ethiopia and the United Arab Emirates. There are many international groups centered around regional, economic, defense or other ties, but BRICS has gotten attention as a growing venue for Chinese-Russian influence as those powers have increasingly tangled with the West.
NGO: “Non-governmental organization,” such as an advocacy group, charitable foundation or nonprofit relief organization.
LDCs: Very poor nations that are known at the UN as “ least-developed countries.” Forty-four nations currently meet the criteria, which include a gross national income of $1,088 or less per person per year.
IFIs: International financial institutions, including the so-called Bretton Woods institutions — the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, which were established at a 1944 UN conference in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. Critics see the Bretton Woods duo as sclerotic entities that have badly failed poor and developing countries. The institutions have defended their work while saying they are trying to evolve.
